Principle #1: (continued)

  • With any plan of care, it is important that the the signs of stress in an infant be closely monitored and respected. This means that non-essential care, such as bathing, can be organized around the infant's own schedule and carried out in a way that minimizes undesired handling.
  • An infant that welcomes an interaction will shown positive 'approach' signs:
    • animated facial expression and brightening of eyes
    • cooing and smiling
    • hand-to-mouth activity
    • minimal movements that are smoothed
    • well-regulated muscle tone and smooth respiration
  • In contrast, an infant seeking to avoid stimulation and contact will display a range of physiological and behavioural indicators stress:
    • color change and cyanosis
    • change in respiratory rate or rhythm
    • change in heart rate
    • coughing, sneezing, yawning, vomiting, hiccups and bowel movement
    • sudden change in muscle tone
    • stiffness, including leg bracing, finger splaying, facial grimacing, tongue extension and hyperflexion
    • alterations in the quality of movement, including disorganized movement, jitteriness and squirminess
  • What can be done to assist in calming the infant?
    • positioning the infant in flexion (known as nesting)
    • slow rocking
    • swaddling
    • quiet voice