E - Expect, permit and respond to emotion

Anticipate a wide range of emotions and respond to the emotion with empathy. Patients may respond with stoic silence or there may be crying or anger. Patients should be permitted to show their emotion and the emotion should be supported and validated. This is often done by letting the patient express his/her emotion without interruption. You can offer a tissue or personal contact (touching their arm or holding their hand) when appropriate.